Affect breast physiology the endocrine hormone of the action
The breast is various target organs of endocrine hormones, therefore, breast growth development and it various physiology action of exertive all depend on the common action of various related endocrine hormone.If among them a certain or a few hormone secretion mess, or the equilibrium detuning of of various hormone, by all means will directly or indirectly affect condition and its physiology action of mammary gland.
(1)Take place the hormone of direct action to the mammary gland
Estrogen, E:(estrogen, E)Mainly from the ovarian follicle secretion of ovary, adrenal gland, suprarenal gland and testis may also secrete a little amount estrogen, E and the estrogen, E of anaphase then mainly comes from the chorion epithelium of placenta in the pregnancy.Physiology in the estrogen, E the live estradiol, E2(E2) be most strong.At the youth development phase, the ovarian follicle of ovary is mature, start secrete a great deal of estrogen, E, the estrogen, E can promote the epithelium hyperplasia of mammary gland vessel, the mammary ridge take care of and the connective tissue development of the leaflet surroundings, make the mammary ridge palatine canal prolong and cent.The estrogen, E becomes lobules of mammary gland and the mammary gland be mature, can’t produce result alone, have to have a complete hypophysis, pituitary gland action the control of the system.The estrogen, E can stimulate the hypophysis, pituitary gland ex- leaf synthesis with release a prolactin, PRL, promote the development of mammary gland thus;But the estrogen, E of big dose can compete a prolactin, PRL receptor again, repress the action of Bi mammary ridge of prolactin, PRL thus.At the trimester of pregnancy, estrogen, E at other hormones such as under the synergism of lutein etc. can also promote development and human milk of acinus, alveolus of born.The outside and source estrogen, E can make the hyperplasia is to the mammary gland tissue of the ovary animal and its cell proliferation index number is obviously high to organize at the normal mammary gland.The estrogen, E can also make the mammary gland vasodilatation, permeability increase.
Progestogen:(progesterone, P)Call lutein again, mainly from ovary corpus luteum secretion, the trimester of pregnancy is secrete by the placenta.What to have a physiology activity most is a progesterone in the progestogen, it cardinal action for promote the development of lobules of mammary gland and acinus, alveolus, stimulate a mammary gland vessel the basal of the development in the estrogen, E up, make the mammary gland get a full development.The progestogen of big dose represses the action of Bi mammary ridge of prolactin, PRL.The influence of the progestogen upon the mammary gland development have to not only have the synergism of estrogen, E, but also have to also have a complete hypophysis, pituitary gland action a system.The experiment express that is cut off the desexualination big rat of hypophysis, pituitary gland, the mammary gland completely lacks the response, reaction toward the progesterone.The progestogen may be to pass the secretion prolactin, PRL of the stimulus hypophysis, pituitary gland, be also likely to be pass exaltation mammary ridge glandular epithelium cell to prolactin, PRL of response, reaction but together complete with it to the development action of mammary gland.
Prolactin, PRL:(prolactin, PRL)From the hypophysis, pituitary gland ex- protein hormone of a species of the secretion of the leaf acidophile.It cardinal action in order to help the mammary gland development to grow, launch demulcent therapy, reconciliation maintenance Bi mammary ridge.The PRL receptor of prolactin, PRL and mammary ridge glandular epithelium cell combine, produce a series response, reaction and include a synthesis of stimulate the ? -lactalbumin, uridine glycoside an acid a transition, the mammary ridge glandular cell Na ? +the synthesis of the transition and fatty acids of ion, stimulus mammary gland acinus, alveolus development and promote human milk of born with secretion.At the youth development phase, the prolactin, PRL can urge a mammary gland development under the common action of the estrogen, E, progestogen and other hormones;Can make the mammary gland get a full development in the trimester of pregnancy, make lobules of mammary gland eventually the end vessel development become a small acinus, alveolus and make good preparation for the lactation.The trimester of pregnancy is in great quantities female and the progestogen repressed the action of Bi mammary ridge of prolactin, PRL;After give birth to baby, female, the progestogen level quickly descend, relieved to the inhibition of prolactin, PRL, the secretion of prolactin, PRL also in great quantities increases in the meantime, the mammary gland beginning Bi mammary ridge.Henceforth, along with regulation ground establishment for breast feed, the infant constantly sucks up papillae but creation reflection, stimulate ex- the hypophysis, pituitary gland a leaf a secretion a prolactin, PRL, can make thus the Bi mammary ridge maintain few months to few years.The secretion of prolactin, PRL be subjected to the accommodation of the depression, inhibition rho factor of the hypothalamus prolactin, PRL and prolactin releasing factor, PRF and other hormones.Levodopa and the bromine concealed station etc. drug can repress the secretion of prolactin, PRL;The Cu thyroid gland releases a hormone, 5-the Qian color amine and some drugs(like the benefit blood calm, chloropromazine) etc.s can promote the secretion of prolactin, PRL;The estrogen, E, progestogen of small dose can help the hypophysis, pituitary gland to secrete prolactin, PRL, but the estrogen, E, progestogen of big dose can then repress the secretion of prolactin, PRL.
(2)To mammary gland since the hormone of indirect action
The ovarian follicle stimulates a vegetable:(follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH)It is secrete by the hypophysis, pituitary gland ex- leaf.In order to stimulate an ovary secretion estrogen, E, the cardinal action develops mammary gland thus and the accommodation vesication of the physiology action indirect action.
Cu luteinizing hormone:(luteinizing hormone, LH)It is secrete by the hypophysis, pituitary gland ex- leaf.The cardinal action is a stimulus creation lutein, develop mammary gland thus and the accommodation of the physiology action vesication indirect action.
Oxytocin, OXT(oxytocin):It is secreted after the hypophysis, pituitary gland by the leaf.BE breast feed expect have already helped the human milk to eject of action.
Androgen(androgen):At the female is secrete by the adrenal cortex since then.The sterigma can promote the development of mammary gland when the sterigma measure;But can then rise inhibition for a great deal of hour.
Other hormones:Such as the growth hormone, GH, somatotropin(growth hormone, GN), adrenal cortical hormone, corticoid(adrenocortico-hormo ne), thyroxine, tetraiodothyronine, T4(thyroxine) and insulin(insulin) etc., these hormone to development and various action activity of mammary gland since indirect action
